Multi Tenant Connections in Mongoose | Rustcode

Implementing Multi Tenant Connections in Mongoose

Multi-tenant applications serve multiple customers (tenants) using a single instance of the application and often require strict data isolation. Mongoose supports multi-tenant architectures primarily by managing separate connections per tenant, enabling isolated databases or clusters.

Why Use Separate Connections per Tenant?

Using separate connections for each tenant provides:

Data isolation and security by separating databases.
Improved scalability, allowing different tenants to be served from different clusters or database instances.
Granular control over connection settings per tenant.

How to Manage Multi Tenant Connections

Use mongoose.createConnection() to create and store a connection instance per tenant. For example:

const connections = {};

function getTenantConnection(tenantId) {
  if (!connections[tenantId]) {
    connections[tenantId] = mongoose.createConnection(`mongodb://localhost:27017/${tenantId}`, {
      useNewUrlParser: true,
      useUnifiedTopology: true,
    });
  }
  return connections[tenantId];
}

// Usage
const tenantDb = getTenantConnection('tenantA');
const User = tenantDb.model('User', userSchema);

Cache connections per tenant to avoid unnecessary reconnections and improve performance.

Considerations and Challenges

Managing connection lifecycles to avoid resource exhaustion.
Scaling connection pools for many tenants.
Handling tenant-specific configurations or middlewares.

Summary Table

Aspect	Description	Notes
Separate connections	One connection instance per tenant	Ensures isolation and scalability
Connection caching	Reuse existing connections	Improves performance
Resource management	Monitor connection limits	Essential for large tenant counts

Best Practices

Cache connections and reuse them to reduce overhead.
Implement proper error handling and reconnection strategies.
Monitor resource usage and scale your MongoDB instances accordingly.
Consider using sharded clusters or dedicated clusters for heavy tenants.

Conclusion

Mongoose facilitates multi-tenant application development through isolated connections per tenant. Managing these connections effectively is key to building scalable, secure, and maintainable multi-tenant systems.

Multi Tenant Connections in Mongoose