Number Data Type in TypeScript

The number data type in TypeScript is used to represent both integer and floating-point numbers. It is analogous to the number type in JavaScript and does not differentiate between different types of numeric values.

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Basic Usage

The number type can be used to store any kind of numeric value, including integers and floating-point numbers. Here’s a basic example:

let age: number = 25;
let temperature: number = 36.6;
console.log(age, temperature); // Output: 25 36.6

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Numeric Operations

TypeScript supports various numeric operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Here’s how you can perform some common numeric operations:

let a: number = 10;
let b: number = 5;

let sum: number = a + b;           // Addition
let difference: number = a - b;    // Subtraction
let product: number = a * b;       // Multiplication
let quotient: number = a / b;      // Division

console.log(sum, difference, product, quotient); // Output: 15 5 50 2

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Special Numeric Values

TypeScript, like JavaScript, also supports special numeric values such as NaN (Not-a-Number), Infinity, and -Infinity:

let notANumber: number = NaN;
let positiveInfinity: number = Infinity;
let negativeInfinity: number = -Infinity;

console.log(notANumber, positiveInfinity, negativeInfinity); // Output: NaN Infinity -Infinity

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Type Annotations and Type Inference

TypeScript provides type annotations to explicitly define the type of a variable. It also uses type inference to automatically determine the type based on the assigned value:

let explicitNumber: number = 42; // Explicit type annotation
let inferredNumber = 42;         // TypeScript infers the type as number

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Conclusion

The number type in TypeScript is versatile and supports various numeric operations and special values. Understanding how to use the number type effectively allows you to perform calculations and manage numeric data efficiently in your TypeScript projects.