Advanced Grid Techniques In Html
Advanced grid techniques allow you to create more complex and sophisticated layouts using CSS Grid. This section covers grid template areas, alignment properties, and grid gaps with detailed tables and examples.
Grid Template Areas for Complex Layouts
The grid-template-areas
property allows you to define areas of your grid layout using named grid areas. This is particularly useful for creating complex layouts:
.grid-container {
display: grid;
grid-template-areas:
'header header header'
'sidebar main main'
'footer footer footer';
grid-gap: 10px;
}
.header {
grid-area: header;
}
.sidebar {
grid-area: sidebar;
}
.main {
grid-area: main;
}
.footer {
grid-area: footer;
}
<div class="grid-container">
<div class="header">Header</div>
<div class="sidebar">Sidebar</div>
<div class="main">Main Content</div>
<div class="footer">Footer</div>
</div>
In this example, the layout is defined using named grid areas, making it easier to manage complex structures.
Aligning Grid Items
CSS Grid provides several properties for aligning grid items both within their container and within their individual grid cells. These properties include align-items
, justify-items
, align-self
, and justify-self
.
Align Items
The align-items
property aligns grid items along the block (vertical) axis of the grid container. Here are the possible values:
.grid-container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
align-items: center; /* align-items */
}
Value | Description |
---|---|
start |
Aligns items to the start of the block (vertical) axis. |
end |
Aligns items to the end of the block (vertical) axis. |
center |
Centers items along the block (vertical) axis. |
stretch |
Stretches items to fill the container along the block (vertical) axis (default). |
Align Content
The align-content
property aligns the entire grid within the grid container's block (vertical) axis. Here are the possible values:
.grid-container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
align-content: space-between; /* align-content */
}
Value | Description |
---|---|
start |
Aligns the entire grid to the start of the block (vertical) axis. |
end |
Aligns the entire grid to the end of the block (vertical) axis. |
center |
Centers the entire grid along the block (vertical) axis. |
space-between |
Distributes items evenly with the first item at the start and last item at the end. |
space-around |
Distributes items evenly with equal space around each item. |
stretch |
Stretches the entire grid to fill the container along the block (vertical) axis. |
Justify Items
The justify-items
property aligns grid items along the inline (horizontal) axis of the grid container. Here are the possible values:
.grid-container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
justify-items: end; /* justify-items */
}
Value | Description |
---|---|
start |
Aligns items to the start of the inline (horizontal) axis. |
end |
Aligns items to the end of the inline (horizontal) axis. |
center |
Centers items along the inline (horizontal) axis. |
stretch |
Stretches items to fill the container along the inline (horizontal) axis (default). |
Justify Content
The justify-content
property aligns the entire grid within the grid container's inline (horizontal) axis. Here are the possible values:
.grid-container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
justify-content: center; /* justify-content */
}
Value | Description |
---|---|
start |
Aligns the entire grid to the start of the inline (horizontal) axis. |
end |
Aligns the entire grid to the end of the inline (horizontal) axis. |
center |
Centers the entire grid along the inline (horizontal) axis. |
space-between |
Distributes items evenly with the first item at the start and last item at the end. |
space-around |
Distributes items evenly with equal space around each item. |
stretch |
Stretches the entire grid to fill the container along the inline (horizontal) axis. |
Align Self
The align-self
property allows individual grid items to override the align-items
property and be aligned along the block (vertical) axis. Here are the possible values:
.grid-container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
}
.grid-item {
align-self: center; /* align-self */
}
Value | Description |
---|---|
start |
Aligns the item to the start of the block (vertical) axis. |
end |
Aligns the item to the end of the block (vertical) axis. |
center |
Centers the item along the block (vertical) axis. |
stretch |
Stretches the item to fill the container along the block (vertical) axis (default). |
Justify Self
The justify-self
property allows individual grid items to override the justify-items
property and be aligned along the inline (horizontal) axis. Here are the possible values:
.grid-container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
}
.grid-item {
justify-self: end; /* justify-self */
}
Value | Description |
---|---|
start |
Aligns the item to the start of the inline (horizontal) axis. |
end |
Aligns the item to the end of the inline (horizontal) axis. |
center |
Centers the item along the inline (horizontal) axis. |
stretch |
Stretches the item to fill the container along the inline (horizontal) axis (default). |
Grid Gap Items:
The grid-gap
, row-gap
, and column-gap
properties define the spacing between grid items. Here are the details:
Grid Gap
The grid-gap
property sets the gap between both rows and columns:
.grid-container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
grid-gap: 20px; /* row-gap, column-gap */
}
Property | Description |
---|---|
grid-gap |
Sets the gap between both rows and columns. |
row-gap |
Sets the gap between rows only. |
column-gap |
Sets the gap between columns only. |
Conclusion
Advanced grid techniques like grid template areas, alignment properties, and grid gaps provide powerful tools for creating sophisticated layouts. By mastering these techniques, you can build responsive and complex grid structures with ease.
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