SQL COMMIT TRANSACTION

SQL COMMIT TRANSACTION is a SQL statement used to commit a transaction and make its changes permanent in a database.

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1. Overview

SQL COMMIT TRANSACTION is used to permanently save the changes made by a transaction in a database. When you commit a transaction, all the changes made by the transaction become permanent and visible to other users or transactions.

Committing a transaction marks its successful completion, and the changes made by the transaction are made permanent in the database. Once a transaction is committed, its changes cannot be undone.

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2. Syntax

The syntax for SQL COMMIT TRANSACTION is straightforward and consistent across most relational database management systems (RDBMS). Here's the syntax:

COMMIT TRANSACTION;

This statement commits the currently active transaction in the database, making its changes permanent.

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3. Example

Consider a scenario where you have completed a series of database operations within a transaction and now want to make the changes permanent. You can use SQL COMMIT TRANSACTION to commit the transaction and finalize its changes:

Example:

-- Start a new transaction
BEGIN TRANSACTION;

-- Perform database operations
INSERT INTO employees (name, salary) VALUES ('John Doe', 50000);
UPDATE departments SET manager_id = 1 WHERE department_id = 1;

-- Commit the transaction
COMMIT TRANSACTION;

In this example, the SQL COMMIT TRANSACTION statement commits the changes made by the transaction, including the insertion of a new employee record and the update of a department's manager ID.

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4. Conclusion

SQL COMMIT TRANSACTION is an essential SQL statement used to commit a transaction and make its changes permanent in a database. By committing transactions, you ensure that the changes made by the transactions are saved and visible to other users or transactions.